I recently performed Bachianas Brasileiras No. 6 For Flute and Bassoon by Heitor Villa-Lobos with flutist Tadeu Coelho. This beautiful and challenging work was a joy to rehearse and perform with my colleague Tadeu. The performance was part of professor Coelho’s recital on the campus of UNCSA in Watson Recital Hall. Also on the program was a Vivaldi sonata for flute performed by myself playing basso continuo with David Winkelman on harpsichord.

On March 30th I performed Elliott Carter’s Au Quai for Bassoon and Viola with my colleague Sheila Browne, viola teacher at UNCSA. Carter wrote this about the piece’s origin:

The title of this piece was suggested by Arnold Schoenberg’s short story “To the Wharfs” in which he describes the mounting anxiety of the members of a French fishing village as the boats and the sea-bound fisherman failed to appear after a storm and several days’ absence. When they were suddenly sighted all shouted “to the wharfs, aux quais, O.K!”

Au quai (’to the quay’) was supposedly used by French-speaking cotton pickers around New Orleans to signal that the cotton was packed and ready to send down to the docks for transport.

There is certainly no conclusion as to the origin of the phrase OK. There is no shortage however of explanations, some more likely than others.

• The oldest written references to ‘OK’ result from its adoption as a slogan by the Democratic party during the American Presidential election of 1840. Their candidate, President Martin Van Buren, was nicknamed ‘Old Kinderhook’ (after his birthplace in New York State), and his supporters formed the ‘OK Club’.
• During the American Civil War, soldiers relied on a biscuit called Orrin Kendall for rations and a port in Haiti called Aux Cayes was famous among American soldiers for its rum, known as ‘OK rum’.
• There lived a popular native American chief called Old Keokuk who signed all his treaties by using only his initials.
• It derives from the Scots expression ‘och aye’, the Greek ola kala (’it is good’), the Choctaw Indian oke or okeh (’it is so’), the French aux Cayes (’from Cayes’, a port in Haiti with a reputation for good rum), or the initials of a railway freight agent called Obediah Kelly who is said to have written them on lading documents he had checked.
• When box cars would be loaded and locked up, the shift boss would then write on the side of the car: OK, signifying it had been checked and was correct. But in fact, when that custom first began, the guy who wrote the letters couldn’t spell and thought the words were spelled Oll Korrect. Legend has it he was german and the words reflected what ‘all correct’ would have been in that language.
• It was a telegraphic signal meaning “open key,” that is, ready to receive. Others say OK was used for “all right” because A and R had already been appropriated for other purposes. Big problem with this theory: the first telegraph message was transmitted in 1844, five years after OK appeared
• It stands for O. Kendall & Sons, a supplier of army biscuits that stamped its initials on its product.

The UNCSA Bassoon Quartet performed as part of the emerging artist series at Watson Chamber Music Hall Feb. 24 on the campus of University of North Carolina Bassoon School of the Arts. UNCSA students Kristen Goguen, Sebastian Castellanos, K.C. Chai, and Juliana Mesa performed Le Phénix quartet for bassoons by Michel Corrette. Above is a photo taken during rehearsal.

For more information on Corrette’s Le Phénix, please see Ronald N. Bukoff’s article in the IDRS journal: Boismortier, Corrette, and Le Phénix: music for the French Baroque bassoon
Here is an excerpt:

Corrette’s great work for the bassoon, and the outstanding example of French Baroque bassoon music is Le phénix. Concerto pour quatre violoncelles, violes ou bassons… (1738 ). The scoring is not as outlandish as it first appears, for Le phénix shows great kinship with Boismortier’s concertos for five flutes. In both chamber concertos, the lowest voice is supplied with a figured bass, suggesting the possibility of employing a harpsichord. In neither case is the keyboard an absolute must. The title page to Le phénix also adds: “… ce concerto se peut jouer en trio, en obmettant le 3e violoncello.” (”this concerto can be played as a trio, omitting the 3rd violoncello.”) If this alternative is followed (not a recommended choice), a harpsichord must be added to fill out the missing chord tones.

Le phénix was published as a concerto for four bassoons (or violoncellos) but it should rightfully be regarded as a solo concerto for bassoon, aided by three additional bassoons. All of the melodic interest is written into the first part, while the second bassoon is treated as the continuo line which accompanies the soloist. The third and fourth bassoons (and harpsichord) function in lieu of the orchestra tutti. Echoes of the works of Vivaldi, which were popular in Paris, can be heard in Le phénix. Stylistic devices common to the Italian master are prevalent, both in this concerto and throughout the music of the newly-developing French concerto school. These characteristics (unison lines, rushing scales, arpeggios) are abundant in Le phénix.

William Ludwig, professor of bassoon at Indiana University – Bloomington, presented a master class and recital at the University of North Carolina School of the Arts in Winston-Salem, NC on Thursday, February 19th. The master class took place from 2:00-4:00pm in Hood Recital Hall in the Gray Building and the recital was in Watson Hall at 6:00pm. It was a great pleasure to have one of the foremost performers and teachers in the US at UNCSA. Photos from the event.

William Ludwig
William Ludwig joined the faculty of the IU Jacobs School of Music in August of 2007. Previous to this appointment he had been Professor of Bassoon at Louisiana State University since 1985. For the last seven summers he has been in residence at the Brevard Music Center as principal bassoon and artist faculty.

His orchestral experience includes principal bassoon with the Baton Rouge Symphony (1986-2007) and the Florida Orchestra (1980-1985). A noted chamber musician he has performed in a wide variety of settings in the United States and Europe, including at the Prague Spring International Music Festival and Highlands (NC) Chamber Music Festival and with the Orpheus Chamber Orchestra, Timm Wind Quintet and Ars Nova Wind Quintet. He was artist-in-residence at the State University of New York-Stony Brook Department of Music from 1989 to 1994 concurrently with his LSU appointment and taught at the University of South Florida from 1979 to 1985. He holds degrees from Louisiana State University and Yale School of Music and studied with John Patterson, Sol Schoenbach, Leonard Sharrow, Bernard Garfield and Arthur Weisberg.

I gave a recital and master class at the University of South Carolina in Columbia, SC on February 16th. I would like to thank USC bassoon professor, Peter Kolkay for the invitation and to his students who were terrific. Prof. Kolkay has built a strong program there and it was a pleasure to meet and hear the studio.

Performance of Sofia Gubaidulina’s trio for bassoon, viola and piano Quasi Hoquetus with UNCSA faculty members, Sheila Browne, viola and Karen Beres, piano. The performance was part of a faculty concert at UNCSA on Valentine’s Day called “Ménage a Trios.” Its theme was trios of unusual instrumental combinations and included music by Bernstein, Nin, Turina, Hindemith, & John Harbison with Allison Gagnon, Joseph Genualdi, Janine Hawley, David Jolley, Eric Larsen, Kevin Lawrence, Robert Rocco, Judith Saxton, Taimur Sullivan and Brooks Whitehouse.

On February 7th, 8th and 10th I performed Mozart’s Sinfonia Concertante, K 297b with the Winston-Salem Symphony at the Stevens Center in Winston-Salem, NC. The other soloists were Kathryn Levy, flute; Amanda Gerfin, oboe and Robert Campbell, horn. Included on the concert was Bartok’s Concerto for Orchestra. Here is a review of a concert and a radio interview I participated in with conductors Matthew Troy and Bob Moody.

Here is an excerpt from an article in the Winston-Salem Journal by Ken Keuffel about concerts this weekend in which I will perform as soloist. On the program is Mozart’s Sinfonia Concertante and Bartok’s Concerto for Orchestra. Read the entire article.

No fewer than six symphony musicians have been engaged as concerto soloists during a program titled “Orchestral Headliners.” Robert Moody, the symphony’s music director, will share conducting duties with Matthew Troy, the symphony’s recently appointed assistant conductor and education director. “I want to remind people of how strong the members of the Winston-Salem Symphony are and what really high level of player we’ve got here,” Moody said. In addition to the “Classics” concerts, an abridged version of “Orchestral Headliners” will be presented Saturday at the Stevens Center, kicking off the four-concert “Kicked-Back Classics” series.

Bassoonist Rose played in the Puerto Rico Symphony before moving here this fall to teach at the UNC School of the Arts. He has performed several concertos in recent years. Those works were for one soloist only, whereas Sinfonia concertante will engage four soloists.
“This is a lot of fun because we get to collaborate,” Rose said. “We get to collaborate on how we want the music to sound. (As a lone soloist), you make decisions by yourself.”

Mejunje del Fagobongo, a piece for bassoon and bongo written for me by Puerto Rican composer Alfonso Fuentes, has now been published and is available for purchase. After some minor editing by the composer, it is being published by TrevCo Music. I premiered this terrific new work in 2007 and performed it again in the Casals Festival and at the conference of the International Double Reed Society in Utah in the summer of 2008. More information about the piece here.

The University of North Carolina School of the Arts hosted a woodwind day December 6th from 9am until 5pm. The event included master classes, reed making seminars, clinics on performance anxiety and practice methods by myself and UNCSA faculty members John Ellis (oboe), Tadeu Coelho (flute), Taimur Sullivan (saxophone) and Igor Begelman (clarinet). That evening the woodwind faculty performed a recital in Watson Hall on the UNCSA campus including André Previn’s Sonata for Bassoon and Piano and Mendelssohn’s Concertpiece No. 2.

Schedule:

• 9:00am A performance of Stravinsky’s Octet for winds given by UNCSA graduate students
• 10:00am Clinics on improving practice habits and combating performance anxiety
• 12:00pm Lunch
• 1:00pm Individual master classes and reed making seminar given by UNCSA woodwind faculty including oboe professor John Ellis and bassoon professor Saxton Rose
• 3:00pm Open rehearsal of the UNCSA Wind Ensemble
• 7:30pm Performance by the UNCSA woodwind faculty: Saxton Rose, bassoon; John Ellis, oboe; Taimur Sullivan, saxophone; Igor Begelman, clarinet; Tadeu Colelho, flute